Fatimah was prophet Muhammad’s and his first wife Khadijah bint Khuwaylid’s daughter. She was born in Mecca 605 CE, but that date is not confirmed. Fatimah stud by her father Muhammad in all difficulties and suffered with him. After they migrated to Medina, Fatimah was married to Ali ibn Abi Talib who was Muhammad’s cousin. She had five children with Ali ibn Abi Talib. Fatimah died quickly after her father’s death, only a few months later. She was buried in Medina near the grave of Imam Hassan but the exact place of her grave is not known. Shias say that she was wounded defending her husband and that wound was the reason for her early death.
Shia scholars say that she had political importance performing three acts. She refused to protect Abu Sufyan ibn Harb. After her Father Muhammad died she defended her husband’s Ali cause and didn’t support the election of Abu Bakr disputing with him and Umar. The third act was claiming rights over her father’s property challenging Abu Bakr.
Date of Fatimah’s birth is not confirmed. Some say it was five years before the first Qur’anic revelations, which is in 605 during the rebuilding of the Kaaba. Shia scholars say she was born two or five years after Qur’anic revelations. First date showing she was over 18 when she married, which is very unusual in Arabia, and second statement showing that her mother was more than 50 years old when Fatimah was born.
Fatimah was Muhammad’s fourth daughter. First three daughters were Rurayya, Umm Kulthum and Zaynab. Sunnis claim that the only biological daughter was Fatimah and that other three were actually adopted by Muhammad and his wife Khadijah after Khadijah’s sister Hala died.
Fatimah is also known among Muslims as Fatimah Zahra, where Zahra stands for ”az-Zahra” which means ”the shining one”. Other names that represent her also are ”al-Batul” which means pure one, and Ummu Abeeha which means ”Mother of her Father”. Fatimah spent most time of her life reciting Qur’an, praying and worshiping. She was one of the most important historical figures and leader of all women here and in Paradise also. Her position in Islam is equal to position of Mary in Christianity. She was the wife of the first Imam, mother of the next two Imams, and person of moral purity and sincere Muslim.
Fatimah spent childhood with her parents in Mecca where her father suffered a lot at the hands of the Quraysh. When her mother died, Fatimah couldn’t accept her death and it was very hard for her to deal with that loss until her father Muhammad informed her that angel Gabriel built a place for her mother in paradise.
Her hand was asked by many, including Umar and Abu Bakr but her father Muhammad refused with the explanation that he wants to wait some sign which will show her destiny. Ali who was Muhammad’s cousin wanted to marry Fatimah, but he didn’t dare to ask because of his poverty. Mohammad realized what is the reason for his fear and suggested him to sell his shield which worth enough to provide bridal gift. Fatimah didn’t protest when Muhammad told her about the proposal and marriage happened in 623 or 622. Fatimah was between 9 and 16 when she married Ali.
Fatimah had two sons with Ali, Hasan and Husayin, and daughters Umm Kulthum and Zaynab. Her third son was Muhsin, but Shias say she misscarried while Sunnies say Muhsin died as a baby.
Before Muhammad died, he informed Fatimah that he will die and that she will join him soon after his death. She died few month later during the month of Ramadhan. Sunnies believe that she made peace with Abu Bakr before she died, while Shias believe she was angry until her last day.
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